[TurkiyeToday] The Sahel spans 5,900 km (3,670 mi) from the Atlantic Ocean in the west to the Red Sea in the east, in a belt several hundred to a thousand kilometers (c. 600 miles) wide. It covers an area of 3,053,200 square kilometers (1,178,850 sq mi).
A silent revolution is unfolding across Africa’s coup belt. Military-led governments in Mali, Burkina Faso and Niger are tearing up the old rules of the game and tightening their grip over gold, uranium and critical minerals such as lithium, manganese and other transition-critical metals that feed global defense industries and green-tech supply chains.
In the name of sovereignty, they are forcing Western companies to accept new terms, while Chinese and Russian actors move rapidly into the vacuum. In this turbulence, one country faces a pivotal choice: Will Türkiye remain a marginal player, or turn the Sahel’s resource nationalism into a strategic opening?
FROM COUPS TO CONTRACTS: A NEW SAHEL
The story of the Sahel since 2020 is often told through the lens of security: a chain of coups, the expulsion of French troops, and the rise of new military juntas. Yet the more decisive shift is happening in contracts rather than barracks.
Governments in Bamako, Ouagadougou and Niamey are rewriting mining codes, increasing mandatory state shares and demanding local value addition. Behind the rhetoric of sovereignty lies a hard calculation: decades of extraction left these states rich in resources yet poor in infrastructure, jobs and fiscal space.
Western firms, already wary of reputational and security risks, have started to scale back. When confronted with higher taxes or the threat of nationalization, many opt to divest or freeze investments. Beyond Orano’s suspended operations in Niger, several Canadian and Australian mid-tier mining firms have halted exploration activities in Mali amid stricter fiscal regimes and insurgency-related disruptions, reinforcing a broader retreat trend across the region.
This retreat creates room for others. Chinese companies arrive with capital, while Russian-linked entities offer regime protection. The Sahel is no longer a French backyard; it is a contested frontier of the global energy transition.
This new resource nationalism is not a temporary tantrum. It reflects a broader continental shift. The message from the Sahel is clear: the next cycle of extraction must look different, or it will not happen on the same terms.
Hosted by the Turkish Ministry of Trade, coordinated by the African Union, and organized by the Foreign Economic Relations Board (DEIK), the Türkiye-Africa Business and Economic Forum has officially begun , Oct. 16 , 2025. (AA Photo )
Hosted by the Turkish Ministry of Trade, coordinated by the African Union, and organized by the Foreign Economic Relations Board (DEIK), the Türkiye-Africa Business and Economic Forum has officially begun , Oct. 16 , 2025. (AA Photo )
TÜRKIYE’S MOMENT: MORE THAN DRONES
Türkiye enters this scene with unusual advantages. It carries no colonial baggage, presents itself as a partner rather than a patron, and effectively combines diplomatic and security tools. Trade with Africa has climbed to nearly $40 billion, and Turkish Airlines has woven the continent into its global network.
Ankara’s Africa outreach rests on a multidimensional toolkit: high-level diplomacy, development assistance through TIKA, education exchanges, construction and health projects, humanitarian programs, expanding private-sector engagement and security cooperation. Over the past two decades, Ankara has opened dozens of embassies and built a solid reputation through these diverse initiatives.
Yet, in the Sahel’s mining politics, Ankara still behaves cautiously. Its presence is visible in construction and security, but less so in large-scale resource ventures. This caution reflects not only political and security risks in coup-prone environments but also concerns about regulatory uncertainty and possible sanctions exposure. It is further reinforced by the reality that entering high-risk mining environments requires long-term capital commitments, something Turkish investors traditionally approach more prudently.
Suppose Türkiye continues to prioritize selling drones and signing relatively generic trade agreements. It will risk stabilizing regimes whose minerals are still largely extracted and processed by others. Ankara would play the role of a valued security and economic partner, while Beijing and Moscow consolidate deeper control over the subsoil and high-value segments of the supply chain.
An alternative path exists. Türkiye can offer what the Sahel desperately seeks: a partner willing to share risk in creating local industry. This means joint ventures in refining, battery materials processing and technology transfer. It means keeping a meaningful share of value inside Sahelian economies.
Direct Translation via Google Translate. Edited.
[Regnum] The FSB Directorate for the Donetsk People's Republic has declassified archival documents on Nazi war crimes committed in Krasnoarmeysk during the Great Patriotic War. This was reported on December 6 by the agency's press service.
An expert commission published documents from 1944 confirming the large-scale crimes committed by Nazi collaborators against Soviet prisoners of war and civilians. In the Krasnoarmeysky District, Nazi authorities established camps where torture, abuse, and murder took place.
According to documents, 1,500 people died from backbreaking labor, starvation, torture, and executions at School No. 4 in Krasnoarmeysk, and 1,326 at School No. 3. 1,212 people died at Shevchenko Mine No. 19/22, and 1,420 at Dimitrov Mine No. 5/6.
In the village of Sergeyevka, mass executions were recorded, including hangings, shootings, and especially brutal murders. A total of 3,250 Soviet prisoners of war perished. Executions of prisoners of war were also recorded in the Zverevsky, Zelenyansky, and Ulyanovsky village councils. In the Krasnolimansky village council, the Nazis executed 256 people.
"During the retreat from the Krasnoarmeysky district, the Nazi authorities, through traitors to our Motherland, the Chief of Police Vecherov and his assistant Makarovsky, doused the cells with gasoline and set them on fire, in which 48 Soviet and party activists languished in the Nazi dungeons and were burned," the document states.
Thus, in the Krasnoarmeysky district, 14,286 people were tortured and killed by the Nazi invaders.
On October 18, the FSB declassified documents detailing Nazi atrocities committed in prisoner-of-war camps in Konstantinovka during the Great Patriotic War. The chemical plant site contains four mass graves, containing the remains of approximately 7,800 people.
[FoxNews] New National Security Strategy cites mass immigration and declining birthrates as threats to NATO alliance
The White House warns in a stark new National Security Strategy that Europe could be "unrecognizable in 20 years or less" due to mass migration, adding that the demographic shift raises doubts about future U.S. allies on the continent.
"Should present trends continue, the continent will be unrecognizable in 20 years or less," the 33-page document released on Thursday reads.
It adds that the "real and more stark prospect" is of "civilizational erasure."
Mass immigration has been one of Europe’s most volatile political flashpoints over the past decade, fueled by repeated waves of immigrants from the Middle East, Africa and South Asia.
"As such, it is far from obvious whether certain European countries will have economies and militaries strong enough to remain reliable allies," the document says. "Many of these nations are currently doubling down on their present path. We want Europe to remain European, to regain its civilizational self-confidence, and to abandon its failed focus on regulatory suffocation."
The national security plan cites migration policies that are "transforming the continent and creating strife," along with "cratering birthrates" and the erosion of national identity.
The White House warns the demographic shift could have major implications for NATO and European security, noting that several member states may become "majority non-European." That scenario, the document argues, could weaken Europe’s ability to deter adversaries and complicate U.S. efforts to maintain transatlantic stability.
"Over the long term, it is more than plausible that within a few decades at the latest, certain NATO members will become majority non-European," the document says. "As such, it is an open question whether they will view their place in the world, or their alliance with the United States, in the same way as those who signed the NATO charter."
The document says Europe’s economic decline is well under way, losing a 25% share of global GDP in 1990 to 14% today — "partly owing to national and transnational regulations that undermine creativity and industriousness."
But it says that economic decline is eclipsed by the broader warning of "civilizational erasure." It lists migration policies, censorship, political suppression, cratering birthrates and the loss of national identity as the forces driving that trajectory.
President Donald Trump echoed similar warnings during a visit to the United Kingdom last year, saying mass immigration would "destroy Europe" and that the continent was "not going to survive" unless governments dramatically change course.
The White House defended the warning, saying Europe is already suffering the consequences of mass immigration.
"The devastating impacts of unchecked migration and those migrants’ inability to assimilate are not just a concern for President Trump but for Europeans themselves, who have increasingly noted immigration as one of their top concerns," White House spokesperson Anna Kelly said in a statement to Fox News Digital. "These open border policies have led to widespread examples of violence, spikes in crime, and more, with detrimental impacts on the fiscal sustainability of social safety net programs."
Kelly said Trump’s border policies "saved America from such destruction," adding that "other countries would be wise to follow suit."
The White House pointed to a range of European data to support the administration’s concerns, citing studies showing asylum migration costing the Netherlands €475,000 per migrant, illegal immigration costing France €1.8 billion in 2023 and non-Western migrants committing disproportionate shares of violent crime in Denmark and Germany. The White House also referenced a series of fatal terror attacks across the continent carried out by migrants.
The 33-page blueprint has no named author but features a foreword by Trump, who calls the document a "roadmap to ensure America remains the greatest and most successful nation in human history."
The document forms part of a sweeping set of national security goals in which the president vows to enforce the Monroe Doctrine while adding his own corollary aimed at expanding U.S. influence in the Western Hemisphere and countering adversaries’ growing footprint.
The Trump administration asserts that a "reasonably stable" Western Hemisphere where governments work together to fight malign foreign influence is key to U.S. national security. To achieve this, the administration vows in the document to "assert and enforce a 'Trump Corollary' to the Monroe Doctrine."
Former President James Monroe issued the doctrine in his seventh annual address to Congress on Dec. 2, 1823, warning European powers against interfering in the Western Hemisphere through political influence or colonization. The U.S. Office of the Historian, part of the State Department, notes that although European nations initially paid little attention to Monroe’s declaration, it eventually became "a longstanding tenet of U.S. foreign policy."
"After years of neglect, the United States will reassert and enforce the Monroe Doctrine to restore American preeminence in the Western Hemisphere, and to protect our homeland and our access to key geographies throughout the region," the document reads.
"This 'Trump Corollary' to the Monroe Doctrine is a common-sense and potent restoration of American power and priorities, consistent with American security interests."
From the V Kontake page of Russian military correspondent Aleksandr Kots
Never before have negotiations been so close to home for the head of the National Security and Defense Council.
As a reminder, according to the Ukrainian Anti-Corruption Center, Umerov's family owns three apartments and four villas in Florida.
According to Umerov's asset declarations, his wife, Leyla Umerova, has been renting a 137.4 square meter apartment in Florida since October 1, 2019. The apartment, according to the document, is also used by the National Security and Defense Council Secretary himself and his three children.
Leyla is registered in another apartment in the same state, measuring 134.5 square meters. The Ukrainian politician's father, Enver Umerov, is registered in a third apartment in Florida. The name of the former Defense Minister Aslan's brother, Ömer Kirimli, also appears in the report.
Umerov, as a reminder, is also directly implicated in the supply of counterfeit body armor to the front. But the American National Anti-Corruption Bureau (NABU) has no complaints against him.
And this man represents Ukraine in fateful negotiations.
[NotTheBee] After an Afghan "refugee" was charged with ambushing two National Guardsmen in D.C. the day before Thanksgiving, the Trump admin has gone full attack mode, criticizing the Biden admin for the international spectacle that was the 2021 Afghanistan withdrawal.
InfantryDort, one of the largest veteran accounts on X, decided to use the moment to share, in detail, what things American troops saw when they were in Afghanistan to help Americans understand, perhaps once and for all, that not all cultures, practices, and beliefs are equal.
GWOT vets: Tell your story about dealings with Afghans. Or anything else related to the insanity we went through. I’ll do my best to amplify. I know I’m not alone in promising that.
So even when talking with our “friends”, we’d have to have armed guards standing watch.
Yea, they were great alright. As long as you had a loaded weapon visible to them.
Do you have any idea how f*****g ridiculous it was to be on guard for the Taliban AND “friendly” Afghans inside the wire?
Guess what? Those “allies” were “vetted” too.
You can’t vet a society where identity itself isn’t recorded.
But they don’t want you to know that.
A selection of tweets at the link, or click on the tweet above to read the entire thread, including things like:
Iraq was the same way.
Couldn’t trust any of them.
Can’t even count how many times we’d find out one our our Iraqi Army “allies” wouldn’t show up to work, and we’d find out they were killed or captured in their uniforms emplacing IED’s, or conducting ambushes on neighboring…
Direct Translation via Google Translate. Edited. by Malek Dudakov
[REGNUM] The White House has published the US National Security Strategy for 2025. Its release was expected back in the fall, but was delayed by the divisions in Washington and the protracted shutdown that paralyzed the US government.
Moreover, the international situation is constantly changing, with one crisis following another. This literally forced Donald Trump's advisers to rewrite the strategy text practically on the fly.
Ultimately, it was presented to the public. And it's already safe to say that the new US national security strategy has become a sensation worldwide.
It was last updated in 2022, when the strategy had to be rewritten due to the outbreak of the active phase of the conflict in Ukraine. Just a few months earlier, in November 2021, the Biden administration promised to make relations with NATO and strengthening the North Atlantic Alliance a priority.
The Biden team's reckless actions provoked the current conflict. In 2022, they rewrote their strategy and emphasized combating "revisionist" powers like Russia and China. At the time, Russia was defined as an "immediate threat," while China was seen as the United States' main long-term rival.
The Democrats in the White House were forced into a constant state of political schizophrenia, torn between the need to fight Russia in Ukraine and compete with China. The US clearly lacked the capacity to wage a two-front confrontation.
And in the fall of 2023, the Middle East crisis intensified, eating away at America's limited resources even more.
Following Trump's second inauguration, Washington's foreign policy began to shift significantly. These changes are now reflected in the new strategy. It sets the key goal for the United States in the near term as achieving "absolute dominance" in the Western Hemisphere.
In effect, we're talking about a return to the era of the Monroe Doctrine, under which the United States secured its right to pursue expansionist policies in the New World. At that time, it faced the European empires.
Currently, the United States' main competitor is China, which has long been a key trading partner for most Latin American countries. Restoring its position under the current circumstances will be extremely difficult for Washington.
A clear example of this is the vacillation over Venezuela, where the White House has been threatening war for three months now. However, this has not yet happened due to fears of a painful defeat for the United States and a loss of face. that last sentence is pure Russian bullshit/bravado/wishful thinking
Trump's team is actively supporting right-wing politicians like Javier Miley in Argentina and Pinochet's pro-government ally José Antonio Casta, who recently won the Chilean presidential election. However, even they are forced to improve relations with China, even though they are ideologically closer to Trump.
We can talk about the formation of a genuine pro-Chinese consensus in Latin America – no matter who comes to power, right or left, their trade turnover with China continues to grow.
At the same time, the new national security strategy no longer views the Middle East as a priority region. The United States once desperately needed it for its oil supplies. However, currently, the lion's share of Middle Eastern hydrocarbons goes either to Europe or the rapidly growing Asian economies.
The strategy's authors emphasize cooperation with Middle Eastern monarchies. The Israeli lobby, meanwhile, is de facto under attack—efforts are being made to curb its ambitions.
But the most interesting innovations are emerging in the European direction.
On the one hand, it seems that Europe is now becoming almost the main challenge for the United States. It is receiving a great deal of attention—Europeans are criticized for the civilizational decline caused by the uncontrolled influx of migrants and a retreat from their own values.
The strategy clearly indicates that in the medium term, individual NATO members will no longer be culturally and ethnically European countries.
However, by that time the North Atlantic Alliance, like the European Union, may no longer exist in its current form.
The Trump administration is scolding European elites for their desire to maintain a state of confrontation with Russia, which has led to the current crisis in the Old World.
The White House promises to support patriotic and nationally oriented forces in Europe in opposition to the liberal establishment, and to fight censorship and the dictates of minorities.
Unlike all other US national security strategies of the past ten years, the current one contains almost no criticism of Russia. On the contrary, the document calls for restoring strategic stability in relations with Moscow and returning Russian energy supplies to Europe.
It's not because the US is particularly concerned about the fate of the European economy. The reason is different: the White House is concerned about Russian oil and gas supplies to China, which enhances China's competitiveness.
Trump's team sees Asia as a higher priority than Europe or the Middle East. They need to focus on competing with China, even though this seems like an impossible task for the modern United States.
Washington is demanding that its allies in Asia, as well as in Europe, increase military spending to 5% of GDP and become more proactive in their own security.
Overall, the current strategy appears to be a more realistic document than what was previously published. However, it, too, is essentially ten to fifteen years behind reality. Back then, it was still possible to talk about a serious struggle with China for Asia or Latin America. Now, however, it is becoming extremely difficult for the United States to resist China.
However, it is already good that there is an emerging understanding of the need to seriously negotiate issues of strategic stability with Russia.
The current administration's leading realists, Pentagon Chief Strategist Elbridge Colby and State Department Policy Director Michael Anton, contributed to the current document. They advocate for a US reorientation toward the Indo-Pacific region.
However, we must also keep in mind the inertia of thinking among representatives of the American "deep state." They can sabotage any currently published strategies in every possible way. Take those hawkish neocons, who are willing to simultaneously wage war on Venezuela, increase pressure on Iran, and allocate tranches to Ukraine.
The US clearly lacks resources for all areas, but many supporters of endless wars, as a rule, do not discuss the consequences of their policies.
However, the electorate is already growing tired of their agenda—in the context of Venezuela, for example, about 70% of Americans oppose further escalation. Support for a ground operation is extremely low—no one wants to send troops. 70% - of Democrats, maybe
Ahead lies a long and bitter confrontation between various lobby groups in Washington, who will try to influence the implementation of Trump's new doctrine.
The size of the pie, both financial and military, is steadily shrinking, so the intra-species struggle to divide it will only intensify. And whether Trump succeeds in breaking the foreign policy status quo in the United States will determine not only the fate of his administration, but also the future of America and a significant part of the world.
One thing is clear: with its new strategy, Washington has already officially acknowledged the obvious, namely the collapse of the unipolar model of domination.
[Kurdistan24] US Syria Envoy Tom Barrack called Iraq a $3 trillion policy failure that Balkanized the state and empowered Iran, noting PM al-Sudani has "zero power" as militias like the PMF block governance.
In an unexpected and sharply critical assessment, Tom Barrack, the US Presidential Envoy for Syria, dismantled decades of American strategic decisions in Iraq and the wider Middle East, unveiling a raw and unprecedented narrative of miscalculations, structural failures, and geopolitical consequences that continue to shape the region.
Speaking in an exclusive conversation with The National, Barrack offered a sweeping internal critique of US foreign-policy doctrine — from the fragmentation of Iraq, to Washington’s posture toward Iran, Lebanon, Syria, and Israel — in remarks that forcefully diverged from traditional diplomatic language.
From the first moments of the exchange, Barrack framed Iraq as “a great example of things that we should never do again,” describing a cycle of costly investment, political fragmentation, and unintended Iranian empowerment.
‘THREE TRILLION DOLLARS, HUNDREDS OF THOUSANDS OF LIVES, AND WE LEFT WITH NOTHING’
When asked by Hadley Gamble about Washington’s shifting position toward Iraq, Barrack began with a sweeping indictment:
“Three trillion dollars or so invested, 20-year disastrous history, few hundred thousand lives lost, and we left with nothing.”
He argued that the US attempted to impose a “kind of republic” on Iraq’s deeply divided Sunni–Shia–Kurd reality, creating a federal model that quickly devolved into Balkanization:
“We’ll create a kind of Baghdad federalism… then another autonomous Kurdish state… and we did the same thing in Syria with the SDF (Syrian Democratic Forces) and YPG (People's Defense Units) or PKK (Kurdistan Workers' Party). It becomes balkanized just like Yugoslavia.”
Barrack contended that this structural division empowered Iran to step into the vacuum:
“Iran… steps up and fills the void. We create this crazy structure in which the militias… actually have power over the parliament.”
He described Prime Minister Mohammed Shia’ al-Sudani as a capable leader who is nonetheless immobilized:
“A very good Prime Minister… who has no power. Zero power. He can’t form a coalition because the PMF and other components are blocking the stage.”
‘CHAOS. ABSOLUTE CHAOS.’ – HEZBOLLAH, IRAQ, LEBANON, AND REGIONAL SPILLOVER
Barrack said his recent visit illustrated the volatility gripping the region:
“Chaos. Absolute chaos.”
He cited the presence of “disruptive enemy combatants” exploiting every decision point across Iraq, Syria, Lebanon, and Egypt. In his view, the new Syrian authorities are “fending off” similar pressures while attempting to stabilize the transition.
He explained that the US regional commitment now rests almost solely on counter-terrorism:
“This President said: no more boots on the ground, no more money… We’re not going to risk American lives in a formula that’s never worked.”
According to Barrack, Iran views Iraq as essential and will not relinquish influence easily:
“They are making a big stand for Iraq… It’s all they’ve got left.”
US–IRAN PROSPECTS: ‘OUR PRESIDENT IS OPEN, BUT NOT TO KICKING THE CAN DOWN THE ROAD’
Addressing whether Washington is ready for a new negotiation track with Tehran, Barrack claimed:
“He’s open to real discussions… If the Iranians want to listen on enrichment and stopping funding of the proxies… it’s the answer.”
He added that the US is unwilling to be drawn into prolonged symbolic diplomacy:
“He knows the program… baiting him just to get into dialogue… is not going to happen.”
LEBANON: ‘A TOTALLY FAILED STATE’ AND THE FRAGILE SHIA EQUATION
Barrack spoke emotionally about Lebanon:
“It holds a very special place… but it’s a totally failed state.”
He cited vast debt, a paralyzed banking system functioning through informal channels, and a political structure unable to move without consensus among confessional blocs:
“Nobody can make a decision without the other confessional agreeing.”
On Hezbollah’s political role, Barrack was explicit:
“America says Hezbollah is a terrorist organization. In Lebanon… it’s a political organization. The government cannot move if the Shias are not on side.”
He noted that no scenario exists in which the Lebanese Army forcibly disarms the movement.
ISRAEL–LEBANON: QUIET DIALOGUE AND A NEW AMBASSADORIAL PUSH
Barrack confirmed that dialogue is happening:
“They have talked… They’re starting now a dialogue.”
He praised the new US Ambassador, Lisa Johnson, and outlined Washington’s message:
“Lebanon, you have to talk to Israel. Directly.”
He criticized past mechanisms, including the 2024 “Cessation of Hostilities,” as artificial constructs with no real buy-in:
“The next day it doesn’t work.”
However, he expressed cautious optimism about a comprehensive arrangement that would include the Shia parties rather than exclude them.
Asked about progress between Syria and Israel, Barrack declared:
“From the Syrian side… close.”
He described the new Syrian authorities as approaching their one-year mark after ending “50 years of atrocity,” and maintaining cooperative engagement with Washington:
“Everything we’ve asked them to do in dragging them towards Israel, they’re doing.”
He said Israel remains hesitant, slowing the process, but expressed confidence in eventual progress toward a security and normalization arrangement.
Barrack dismissed theories about a halted offensive:
“Regime change has never worked… 93 coups since 1946 — everyone failed.”
He argued that the US and its current leadership reject regime-change doctrine, leaving such decisions to regional actors:
“Why did Israel not want to finish the job? I don’t think the story is over. You’re on chapter five; we have another five chapters to go.”
#1
It shouldn't have been about taking out Iraq, it should have been followed by taking out Iran.
Those were the two main sponsors of terrorism and antisemitism in the middle east.
Well, Iran still is because Biden didn't have the guts to do the right thing after Oct 7.
[Rudaw] Syria’s Ministry of Higher Education is focusing on "strengthening and rebuilding" the country’s war-damaged educational institutions, the minister told Rudaw on Saturday, explaining that encouraging academics to return from abroad is an important part of these efforts.
"We began by rebuilding what had been destroyed," Marwan al-Halabi said on the sidelines of the Doha Forum. "We rehabilitated damaged infrastructure and revived the environment needed for education and research."
He said the past year, after dictator Bashir Pencilneck al-Assad Light of the Alawites... was deposed, was a period of rebuilding the foundations after years of conflict, starting with restoring core academic systems, including university admissions and aligning higher education with the job market.
"Almost all university admission systems became digital," he said.
Halabi said that Syria’s greatest priority is rebuilding its human capital.
More than 13 years of war forced thousands of academics, engineers, doctors and researchers to leave the country, severely weakening higher education.
"Most universities lost at least 50 percent of their academic staff," he said, while political restrictions, limited funding, and difficulties in travelling put restrictions on those who remained.
To reverse this, the ministry is offering incentives and fast-track procedures for Syrians abroad to return home.
"We are working extensively to bring qualified experts and professionals back," he said, adding that the ministry is easing credential recognition. "We have solutions for everyone’s situation."
Syria’s recovery depends on investing in people, he said. "I consider these human cadres to be Syria’s true wealth."
A multi-volume chronology and reference guide set detailing three years of the Mexican Drug War between 2010 and 2012.
Rantburg.com and borderlandbeat.com correspondent and author Chris Covert presents his first non-fiction work detailing
the drug and gang related violence in Mexico.
Chris gives us Mexican press dispatches of drug and gang war violence
over three years, presented in a multi volume set intended to chronicle the death, violence and mayhem which has
dominated Mexico for six years.
Rantburg was assembled from recycled algorithms in the United States of America. No
trees were destroyed in the production of this weblog. We did hurt some, though. Sorry.
Light of the Alawites...
