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2025-06-02 -Signs, Portents, and the Weather-
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Solar flare plasma cloud reaches Earth ahead of forecast
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Direct Translation via Google Translate. Edited.
[Regnum] After a powerful solar flare on May 31, a plasma cloud reached Earth earlier than scientists predicted. This was announced on June 1 by Sergei Bogachev, head of the Solar Astronomy Laboratory at the Space Research Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences.
"According to the readings of space tracking devices, a plasma cloud ejected by the Sun yesterday has reached Earth. An exceptionally strong jump in all parameters of the interplanetary environment was recorded today at 08:30 Moscow time," he noted.
The scientist explained that at the moment the speed of the solar wind sometimes exceeds 1000 km/s. In addition, very high values of density and temperature have been recorded. At the same time, the plasma cloud has covered the distance from the Sun to the Earth almost a day faster than predicted.
He also added that if a large portion of the plasma has approached the Earth, then magnetic storms of the fifth, highest level will almost inevitably begin by the evening of June 1.
On May 31, Bogachev reported that, according to preliminary data, the gas cloud is expected to arrive at Earth on June 1 at about 16:00 Moscow time. Astronomers have named a magnetic storm at the G4 level as the most likely scenario. Due to the magnetic storm, serious interference in radio communications, disruptions to satellite and radio frequency navigation, and polar lights are expected, which can be observed even at tropical latitudes.
More from regnum.ru
Scientists have moved the magnetic storm rating to the extreme category
The level of the magnetic storm that began on Earth on June 1 may intensify from category G4 (very strong) to the maximum G5 (extremely strong). This was warned by scientists from the Laboratory of X-ray Astronomy of the Sun of the Space Research Institute and the Institute of Solar-Terrestrial Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences.
"The planetary index Kp is currently at level G4. Although yesterday such indicators would have looked exceptionally large, now it is clear that we are talking about playing for completely different stakes, and the question is whether the geomagnetic index will reach level 5 in the coming hours," the laboratory's website says.
It is noted that in recent hours the speed of the solar wind outside the Earth's magnetosphere has exceeded 1000 km/s. It periodically rises to 1100 km/s and goes beyond the charts. Also, specialists from time to time record "unreal values" of temperature in the flow of solar plasma that covered the Earth.
The main mystery for experts is the low plasma density, despite the very large ejection. But this explains the high temperatures in the flow.
"The general impression is that the Earth was hit by a very wide, fast, but almost empty tube of twisted magnetic field. The low density partially explains the high temperature values, since with a small number of particles the very concept of temperature loses its meaning, and the chaotic (real thermal) component of the velocity is isolated with very large errors," the scientists said.
The laboratory noted that science is currently only able to observe what is happening.
As reported by IA Regnum, on May 31, scientists recorded the largest emission on the Sun since the beginning of the year. In this case, the plasma flew towards the Earth. The power of the flow is only slightly less than that of the flow in May 2024, which caused a magnetic storm of the fifth category on the planet.
The plasma cloud traveled towards Earth at a speed of over 1,000 km/s. It reached the planet almost a day earlier than scientists had predicted.
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