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India-Pakistan
Kargil revisited on 10th anniversary
2009-05-04
By Rahimullah Yusufzai

PESHAWAR: Ten years ago on May 3, 1999, the battle for Kargil erupted and continued for the next 71 days. It claimed hundreds of lives on both sides and brought a profound change in the way the world looked at India and Pakistan.

Post-Kargil, India gained sympathy as a country that had faced aggression from Pakistan. It used the occasion to whip up patriotic sentiments and assert its right to defend its borders. Scenes from the Kargil battle were frequently shown on the Indian TV channels, thereby, enabling New Delhi to rally the people behind its cause.

On the Pakistan side, there was ambiguity because the official line was that the Kashmiri freedom fighters had infiltrated the Indian Kashmir and occupied strategic positions in the Kargil sector. No proper media campaign could be launched to mobilise the public opinion, promote patriotism and seek popular support for the Kargil battle. A belated and half-hearted effort was made to this end but it was too late and too little.

On this very day a decade ago, the Pakistani troops and the Mujahideen were first detected atop the Kargil ridges. The conflict that was triggered lasted until July 14. According to the Indian defence minister George Fernandes, the fighting left 524 of his soldiers dead and 1,363 wounded. The Pakistani death toll was put at 696. About 40 civilians were reportedly killed on the Pakistani side of the Line of Control (LoC), dividing the state of Jammu & Kashmir.

India mobilised a large number of heavily-equipped troops to retake the Kargil mountain heights that Pakistani forces had occupied during the spring and early summer. It moved five infantry divisions, five independent brigades and 44 battalions of paramilitary troops to the area and made heavy use of its air force. By May 26, India was ready to launch its offensive named Operation Vijay.

Pakistan’s military objectives in Kargil were clear but not much thought was given to the consequences of the adventure, or misadventure as it was subsequently derided. The main aim was to exploit the large gaps that existed in India’s defences on and near the LoC. The border positions vacated by Indian troops during winter were to be occupied and used to cut off their supply routes.

Kargil was General Pervez Musharraf’s brainchild. Three other generals were apparently involved in the planning and fine-tuning of the Kargil plan. This is the reason that critics describe them as the ‘Gang of Four’.

General Musharraf has stubbornly defended his decision to execute the Kargil plan. He still believes that it helped revive the Kashmir issue on the world stage. But the fact remains that the Kashmir issue was internationalised in a way that harmed Pakistan’s cause as well as that of the Kashmiri people.

Unlike India where the military’s lapses in Kargil were probed by a commission and publicly analysed, no such initiative could take place in Pakistan for the simple reason that General Musharraf was in power. Even otherwise, Pakistan does not have any tradition of making our rulers accountable for their bad deeds. In the absence of a much-needed and high-powered probe into the Kargil misadventure, there is every possibility that such mishaps would occur again. There have also been speculations and conjectures concerning the happenings at the icy heights of Kargil, Drass, Batalik, Tololing and other sectors.

General Musharraf has all along insisted that everyone was on board with regard to the battle for Kargil. It obviously included the then prime minister Nawaz Sharif, who was briefed about Kargil at the headquarters of the Pakistan Army’s 10th Corps in Rawalpindi. Nawaz Sharif, on his part, complained of not being fully in picture and still willing to bail out Pakistan from the Kargil fiasco by rushing to Washington to meet the US President Bill Clinton on the Fourth of July, an American public holiday.

The truth must be told because the nation would like to know whether the Army chief General Musharraf tried to hide something from Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif or the latter failed to grasp the importance of the military briefing on account of the widely held perception at the time that his attention span was always brief and unfocused.

The late Benazir Bhutto also claimed that Musharraf had given the same briefing to her about Kargil when she was the prime minister and that she had shot down the proposal in view of its consequences. A probe would also settle this point once for all.
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India-Pakistan
Indian gov't okays over $1.5 billion in arms deals with Israel
2008-08-20
The Indian Cabinet Committee on Security has given the go-ahead for two mega-deals with Israeli defense industries in India, claim sources in the know.

Local sources say that the committee approved a $1.5 billion Israel Aerospace Industries project to develop and upgrade the Barak surface-to-air missile.

The council also approved a $270 million purchase of Rafael's SpyDer defense systems. According to Indian news reports, Rafael has already inked the final agreement, and IAI is expected to renew negotiations shortly.

The deal has been held up because the Indian Central Bureau of Investigations accused India's former defense minister and president of the Samata Party George Fernandes of accepting NIS 435,000 in kickbacks from the IAI to fix a tender for anti-ship missiles in IAI's favor. The IAI and Fernandes denied the allegations, which Fernandes says were politically motivated.

The Rafael deal was also suspended, apparently under the shadow of similar allegations. Rafael denies the allegations. According to the Times of India the development project for the new generation of Barak missiles will also move forward, and the missiles will be operational by 2011
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India-Pakistan
Targets of Indo-Israeli secret diplomacy
2008-08-17
By Sajjad Shaukat

Both India and Israel which had openly jumped on Bush's anti-terrorism enterprise after the September 11, are acting upon a secret diplomacy, targeting Pakistan and China in particular and other regional countries in general. In this context, proper media coverage was not given to the Indo-Israeli secret diplomacy, which could be assessed from the interview of Israel's ambassador to India, Mark Sofer published in the Indian weekly Outlook on February 18, 2008. Regarding India's defence arrangements with Israel, Sofer had surprisingly disclosed "We do have a defence relationship with India, which is no secret. On the other hand, what is secret is the defence relationship". And "with all due respect, the secret part will remain a secret." On being asked whether he foresaw joint exercises, Sofer replied, "Certain issues need to remain under wraps for whatever reason."

Indo-Israeli nexus remained under wraps till 2003, when Israeli Prime Minister Ariel Sharon visited India to officially reveal it. In this respect, Indian 'The Tribune' wrote on September 10, 2003, "India and Israel took giant leaps forward in bolstering the existing strategic ties and forging new ones" and Tel Aviv has "agreed to share its expertise with India various fields as anti-fidayeen operations, surveillance satellites, intelligence sharing and space exploration." Next day, 'Indian Express', disclosed, "From anti-missile systems to hi-tech radars, from sky drones to night-vision equipment, Indo-Israeli defense cooperation has known no bounds in recent times". On September 5, 2003 American Wall Street Journal pointed out, "The U.S. finally gave its approval to Israel's delivery of Phalcon Airborne Warning & Controlling Systems (AWACS) to India"-this "sale might affect the conventional weapons balance between India and Pakistan".

Before it, Jerusalem Post had also indicated about Israeli sale of the Arrow-II anti-ballistic missile defense system to India, revealing that "the U.S. was a collaborator in the project". The Post further elaborated that "Israel could be acquiring an element of strategic depth by setting up logistical bases in the Indian Ocean for its navy." In fact, links between India and Israel were started in the early years of the former Prime Minister Indra Gandhi when she asked the chief of RAW Rameshwar Nath Kao to establish a clandestine liaison with Mossad to monitor military relationship between Pakistan, China and North Korea.

During the era of Zia-ul-Haq, a RAW-Mossad joint plot was detected to attack Pakistan's nuclear plant at Kahuta. The matter is not confined to purchasing of military equipments only, Indo-Israeli overt and covert links are part of a dangerous strategic game in Asia. In this connection, the then Israeli premier, Benjamin Netanyahu had already made it clear in July 1997 saying, "Our ties with India don't have any limitations-as long as India and Israel are friendly, it is a strategic gain". There are other reasons behind Indo-Israeli secret diplomacy.

Fast growing economic power of China coupled with her rising strategic relationship with the Third World has been misperceived by the Americans and Indians. Owing to this jealousy, tactical support of Washington to New Delhi, indirect military aid through Israel, the US-India nuclear deal-all are part of American desire to make India a major power to counterbalance China in Asia as both of them see China a "future strategic competitor". As regards Indian new military build up, on May 31 this year, after 43 years, New Delhi re-opened its Daulat Beg Oldi (DBO) airbase in northern Ladakh, which overlooks the strategic Karakoram Pass and is only 8 km south of the Chinese border-Aksai Chin area. India has also erected more than 10 new helipads and roads between the Sino-Indian border.

It is of particular attention that in May 1998, when India detonated five nuclear tests, the then Defense Minister George Fernandes had declared publicly that "China is India's potential threat No. 1." India which successfully tested missile, Agni-III in May 2007, has been extending its range to target all the big cities of China. On the other side, a 'nuclearized' Pakistan, depending upon minimum deterrence, having close ties with Beijing is another major target of the Indo-Israeli secret diplomacy. However, Beijing and Islamabad cannot neglect their common defence when their adversaries are following a covert strategy.

Formation of Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO), voicing for a multi-polar system in the world might be cited as an example. Under the new proposed deal with Pakistan, China will be able to use the Karakoram Highway and ports of Gwadar and Karachi for transporting its goods to the Middle East and Africa. It is notable that on April 18, 2008, Foreign Minister Shah Mehmood Qureshi openly claimed that "some external forces were trying to weaken Pak-China strategic ties by creating misunderstandings". On August 8, 2007 Major Tanvir Hussain Syed (R), the former parliamentary secretary for defence accused the American CIA of killing Chinese nationals in Pakistan to harm the cordial relations between Islamabad and Beijing.

It is mentionable that in the recent past, when anti-government violent protests by Buddhist monks erupted in Tibet's capital, Lhasa including nearby provinces, New Delhi, while acting upon a secret diplomacy backed the same, though outwardly denied. New Delhi shows that despite Sino-Indian border dispute, she does not favour an independence of Tibet and avoids any propaganda against Beijing. But Indian stand was indirectly expressed by its leaders and media. For example, the former foreign minister Yashwant Sinha said, "We want good relations with China, but if we reach a point of conflict over Tibet, we should be prepared for that eventuality."

Indian media had left no stone unturned in exaggerating the casualties by manipulating China's crackdown against the militants of Tibet, which was essential to restore law and order. Nevertheless, it is because of the strategic developments in Asia that the issue of Tibet and Dalai Lama is being manipulated by the anti-China states. The state-run China Daily, on July 27, 2006, denounced the Lama as a "splittist" and pointed out that he has "collaborated with the Indian military and American CIA to organise Indian Tibetan special border troops to fight their way back into Tibet". As regards Islamabad, US, India, Afghanistan and Israel are in collusion as part of a plot to 'destabilize' Pakistan for their common strategic interests.

It was due to new subversive acts of the militants in Balochistan and the tribal areas, especially Swat, backed by CIA, RAW, Khad and Mossad that on June 29, 2008, Prime Minister Gilani stated that there were "several enemies of the country" and "foreign hands were also involved in the acts of terrorism". On August 4, President Musharraf also said that India was behind the unrest in Balochistan, providing arms and ammunition to those involved in violence in the province. Recently, Islamabad indicated evidence that there are a number of Indian training camps in Afghanistan from where saboteurs are being sent to these areas to commit terrorist activities. During the recent trip of Prime Minister Gilani to the US, American media propagated ties between Pakistan's intelligence service, ISI and militants in the tribal regions, blaming it for the bombing of Indian embassy in Kabul on July 7.

These false allegations were also repeated by Kabul and New Delhi. The main aim behind was to tarnish the image of ISI to conceal the clandestine activities of CIA, RAW, Mossad and Khad which have been creating unrest in Pakistan. The fact of the matter is that by availing the ongoing international phenomena of terrorism, Jewish-Hindu lobbies are collectively working in America and other European countries to exploit the double standards of the west in relation to terrorism and human rights vis-à-vis Pakistan and China.

Israel and India are equating the 'war of independence' in Kashmir and Palestine with terrorism. They also accuse Iran, Syria and Pakistan of sponsoring cross-border terrorism in the related regions of South Asia and the Middle East. If India considers Pakistan as her enemy number one, Israel takes Iran in the same sense especially due to its nuclear programme which is also negated by the US. Tel Aviv is also against Pakistan as it is the only nuclear Islamic country. However, these similarities of interest have brought the two countries to follow a common secret diplomacy with the tactical support of Washington, targeting particularly Pakistan and China including other states like Nepal, North Korea, Bangladesh, Iran, Syria etc.
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India-Pakistan
China potential threat number one: George Fernandes
2008-03-30
Describing as an 'error' the NDA government's decision to recognise Tibet as a part of China, former Defence Minister George Fernandes has said the Communist nation was "potential threat number one" to India and flayed the UPA dispensation for allowing it to be 'bullied'.

Venting anger over the Tibet crisis and India's response to it, the NDA leader said the Olympic torch should not be allowed to come to India and that he had asked his 'colleagues' and others to make 'whatever effort' to prevent the flame's run in this country. "It was not a mistake but an error. It should not have been done," he said about India's decision to recognise Tibet as part of China during the previous Atal Bihari Vajpayee Government in which he was the Defence Minister.

Fernandes told Karan Thapar's Devil's Advocate programme on CNN-IBN that China is "still potential threat number one" and "could become an enemy", as he recalled his statement on similar lines 10 years back.

Commenting on the recent incident of Indian Ambassador Nirupama Rao being summoned by the Chinese Foreign Ministry past midnight, Fernandes said New Delhi had "surrendered" over the issue. "Well, our government allowed it. It has no shame," he said, adding that the government should have advised its envoy to wait till the next day. "Elsewhere that's what would have happened."

Rao was summoned past midnight to register concern over breach of security at Chinese Embassy here. "India has sold out to China," he alleged. Asked whether India was being "bullied" by China, Fernandes replied "absolutely, and it accepts it."
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India-Pakistan
Israel helped India turn around Kargil war?
2008-02-09
Hat tip Orrin Judd.
In a startling revelation, the Israeli Ambassador in New Delhi, Mark Sofer, has said that his country had assisted India in 'turning around' the situation during the 1999 Kargil war with Pakistan.
During the Kargil war, while everyone else imposed an unofficial arms embargo, Israel supplied India with laser guided bombs, laser target pods, unmanned aerial vehicles, battlefield radars, and artillery rounds, some straight from its own military supplies, some within 24hrs of request. They also provided satellite data. This is why the then Indian defense minister George Fernandes later issued an order that Israeli companies were to be preferentially treated in future arms purchases. During the 1971 Indo-Pak war, Israel had also supplied mortars and ammunition to India. They didn't even have diplomatic relations then but the Mossad trained India's RAW and the SPG (who guard Indian leaders) also received Israeli training. Israeli and Indian pilots flew in secret wargames, exposing the Indians to the F-16s that the Pakistanis use, and the Israelis to the Mig-29s and Sukhois that the Arabs use.
In an interview with a weekly, the envoy disclosed how defence ties between the two countries got a boost after Kargil when Israel came to India's rescue at a critical time, helping turn around the situation on the ground. 'I think we proved to the Indian government that you can rely on us, that we have the wherewithal. A friend in need is a friend indeed,' he said.

He also disclosed that Indo-Israeli defence ties would go beyond mere selling-buying of arms. 'We do have a defence relationship with India, which is no secret. What is secret is what the defence relationship is? And with all due respect, the secret part will remain secret,' he said in the interview to Outlook weekly magazine.
Comments, John Frum?
After the 1998 nuclear tests, questions were asked about the visit by Abdul Kalam to Israel 18 months previously. Many rumors of possible nuclear collaboration but nothing confirmed. Since then we have had reports of hundreds of Indian scientists in Israel working on joint projects, Israel testing its submarine launched cruise missiles at the Indian missile test range.
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China-Japan-Koreas
India Helping Taiwan with Nuke Project, Report Claims
2007-11-11
A Hong Kong-based Chinese-language weekly said in its latest issue that an Indian parliamentarian who had served as India's defense minister had secretly visited Taiwan many times to help Taiwan develop nuclear weapons.

The magazine identified the parliamentarian as 77-year-old Shri George Fernandes. Accompanied by his girl friend and staff, Fernandes arrived in Taipei aboard a China Airlines flight in mid-April for visit, the magazine said. He was greeted by officials of the National Security Council and then escorted by them through a secret passage, according to the report.

But Taiwan's Ministry of National Defense reiterated that the country was not involved in the development of nuclear weapons. "We abide by the regulations of the international treaty, and we always uphold our position of no engagement in developing, producing, requiring, storing, and using of nuclear weaponry," said MND spokesman Major General Yu Sy-tue in response to the report.

The report referred to Fernandes as "the pushing hand behind India's nuclear weaponry."

Many senior security officials, including former National Security Council deputy secretaries-general Parris Chang and Antonio Chiang, as well as former Vice Defense Minister Lin Chong-pin, had secretly visited India many times at Fernandes' invitation while he was employed at the Indian defense ministry, the report claimed. The magazine quoted what it described as reliable sources as saying that India is helping Taiwan develop nuclear weapons with assistance provided by Fernandes.

Su Chi, a Taiwan legislator affiliated with the opposition Kuomintang, said in a media interview that a senior official affiliated with the ruling Democratic Progressive Party had revealed to him that Taiwan is developing nuclear weapons. Su said Taiwan is very likely to develop nuclear weapons in the face of growing military threats from China.
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India-Pakistan
Kashmir ceasefire: remembering failure
2007-10-14
Early this morning, Zafar Bhat prayed at the unmarked graves of two Pakistani Lashkar-e-Taiba terrorists who had been killed by the Central Reserve Police Force in Srinagar before dawn.

On Eid-ul-Fitr tomorrow (depending of course on the sighting of the moon) , Mr. Bhat says, he intends to visit Shamima Badroo, the wife of the top Hizb ul-Mujahideen commander who led the terror group into a short-lived ceasefire in 2000-2001. Dr. Badroo, a well-respected medical practitioner was shot eight times by a Lashkar-e-Taiba hit squad last year, leaving her paralysed from the neck down.

Strange? “There’s no point harbouring resentments against the dead,” Bhat says.

Six years ago, Bhat was among a core group of Pakistan-based Hizb ul-Mujahideen commanders who led the organisation’s efforts to initiate a dialogue with India. In December 2000, on the eve of the month of Ramzan, Hizb ul-Mujahideen commander Mohammad Yusuf Shah declared a ceasefire. Although Shah withdrew the ceasefire eight days later, the Government of India terminated offensive operations for five months.

But fatalities mounted as anti-ceasefire terror groups like the Lashkar escalated hostilities to undermine the peace process. Although Dr. Badroo’s husband, Hizb deputy chief Abdul Majid Dar, struggled to revive the peace process of which the ceasefire was a part, he was eventually assassinated by hardliners within his own organisation. The bitter experience of the Ramzan ceasefire haunts the peace process in Jammu and Kashmir.

Lessons learned
“I think we all made mistakes,” he says. “India’s government,” he argues, “allowed politics to override the peace process. Prime Minister Atal Behari Vajpayee first said the negotiations would be held within the framework of insaniyat, human values, not the Constitution. But soon afterwards, both Deputy Prime Minister Atal Behari Vajpayee and Defence Minister George Fernandes said Kashmir was an inalienable part of India, which weakened the pro-dialogue forces.”

Pakistan and Kashmiri secessionists, Bhat believes, also made mistakes. “When hardliners criticised the government for going along with the ceasefire,” he says, “President Pervez Musharraf backed off. And some All-Parties Hurriyat Conference leaders in Kashmir became worried we, rather than them them, would be the eventual beneficiaries of a dialogue. So they set about sabotaging the dialogue process.”

“The end result was that thousands of people have died since, for nothing,” Bhat says. “What saddens me the most about the failure of the Ramzan ceasefire,” he says, “is that a lot of hard work and lives went to waste. There were secret meetings at the highest levels for months before the decision. I met all the APHC leaders, and consulted with Syed Ali Shah Geelani no less than three times. We’d all agreed it was the best way forward.”

“I’m very happy,” Bhat says, “that the United Jihad Council has declared a ceasefire now. It would have been wiser to proceed down this road in 2001, because the Hizb ul-Mujahideen was militarily much stronger, and the political position of the freedom movement in Kashmir was also better. But it’s never too late to talk peace. We all have no choice.”

From war to peace
After the ceasefire collapsed, Bhat stayed on in Jammu and Kashmir and turned to politics. He founded the Kashmir Salvation Movement, a group of one-time terrorists determined to use democratic means to press for the independence of the state. Closely allied to All Parties Hurriyat Conference chairman Mirwaiz Omar Farooq, the KSM has been a favoured target of hardline terrorists: fifteen of its cadre have been killed since 2005.

The person costs, too, have been enormous. Bhat’s brother, social activist Haji Abdul Gani Bhat, was assassinated by terrorists in 2005. Seven people were injured when a ceremony to mourn his death was also bombed. The ironies aren’t lost on the KSM leader. “I have lost seven members of my family in the violence in Jammu and Kashmir,” he says, “five at the hands of Indian forces.”

Bhat joined the Hizb ul-Mujahideen in 1989, abandoning his job at the Soura Institute of Medical Sciences. A long standing supporter of the Jamaat-e-Islami, he participated in Hizb chief Shah’s unsuccessful attempt to be elected to the Jammu and Kashmir Assembly in 1987. Like thousands of other activists of the Muslim United Front, Bhat was jailed for protesting against electoral fraud, and eventually turned to violence.

After a brief stint in the Jammu and Kashmir Liberation Front, which despite its stated secular leanings trained and equipped hundreds of Jamaat-e-Islami cadre, Bhat joined Shah at a Hizb ul-Mujahideen camp in Pakistan. Strangely enough, his mentors there included Abdullah Bangroo — the terrorist who eventually assassinated Mirwaiz Farooq’s father, Maulvi Mohammad Farooq on suspicion of preparing for talks with New Delhi. “Time takes you down some strange roads,” he says, “but like I said, there’s no point harbouring resentments. I think we should look to the future instead.”
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India-Pakistan
PM would get bullet in China for lying - Fernandes
2007-08-17
NEW DELHI: If Prime Minister Manmohan Singh was China's head of government he would have been shot for "bluffing" to the nation over a controversial nuclear deal with the United States, former defence minister George Fernandes said.

The landmark agreement opens the way for civilian nuclear cooperation between the two countries, but critics say it will eventually hurt India's nuclear security because of U.S. laws on nuclear trade governing the pact.

"What has emerged is that the prime minister of the country has betrayed the nation by continuous bluffing, something unbecoming of the head of the government," Fernandes, who was part of the previous Hindu nationalist-led government, said in a statement.

"If it were China, they would have settled it with one bullet in his head," the maverick veteran politician said in the statement sent to Reuters on Friday.

The deal aims to give India access to U.S. nuclear fuel and equipment for the first time in three decades despite New Delhi having tested nuclear weapons and not having signed the Non-Proliferation Treaty.

Both the Hindu nationalist opposition and communist allies of Singh's Congress party-led coalition have attacked the historic nuclear deal, saying it was an unfair and unequal pact.

Singh has strongly defended the deal, saying it is crucial for India's development and would not impact New Delhi's foreign or security policies.
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India-Pakistan
BMD Focus: India's giant leap forward
2006-12-03
By MARTIN SIEFF
UPI Senior News Analyst

WASHINGTON, Dec. 1 (UPI) -- India's successful test of its own anti-ballistic Prithvi missile Monday still leaves the country a long way from fielding its own, home-produced short- and intermediate- range BMD systems. But it wasn't chickenfeed either.

In the test, as the Times of India reported, an upgraded version of the Prithvi shot down a conventional Prithvi at high altitude over the Bay of Bengal. The interceptor was launched from India's Integrated Test Range at Chandipur-on-sea and the test rocket from Wheeler Island in Orissa.

The success came as an enormous relief to India's long-embattled and much criticized Defense and Research Development Organization, or DRDO. As we have noted in these columns before, over the past three decades, DRDO has invested billions of dollars into high prestige, ambitious long-range ballistic missile, high-tech light combat aircraft, a new main battle tank and even a touted nuclear submarine with almost nothing to show for it.

We also monitored earlier this year the embarrassing failure of a test of India's ambitious Agni III intercontinental ballistic missile which, if successfully developed and deployed, would give New Delhi the deterrent capability to fire nuclear warheads at any city in China including Beijing.

Rajiv Singh in an authoritative analysis published by the b-domain.com Web site Wednesday gave important details about what wa sine ffect a new Indian-developed ABM interceptor.

"According to DRDO officials, the new missile had inertial guidance in mid-course and active-seeker guidance (i.e. a radar-seeking warhead) in the terminal phase," Singh wrote. "While the first stage of the interceptor was similar to the Prithvi missile, its second stage was a totally new segment. The yet to be named "high supersonic" interceptor missile has been developed by the DRDO as part of an 'exo-atmospheric intercept system' designed to 'hit-to-kill' incoming ballistic missiles."

Singh noted that DRDO officials told reporters the new ABM could detect a target in less than 30 seconds and launching an interceptor at it within 50 seconds. "According to the officials, many technologies, like high-maneuverability of the interceptor missile, were validated in the test. The flight time for nuclear capable missiles launched from Pakistan is a bare 5 to 8 minutes," he wrote.

Monday's successful test was also an excellent omen for A. K. Anthony, India recently appointed defense minister.

However, as Singh observed, "Defense analysts at home (in India) adopted a prudent posture with regard to the development. They had sufficient reasons to be prudent given DRDO's patchy track record in developing high-tech defense systems for the country's defense services."

He noted that the DRDO had previously "failed to operationalize the much touted 9-kilometer (5.4 mile) range Trishul and the 25-km (15 mile) range Akash air-defense missiles. These missiles have been undergoing 'successful' tests for as long as anyone can remember."

Nevertheless, as Singh acknowledged, "The successful missile interception test now allows India to stand alongside a few countries, such as the U.S., Russia and Israel, that possess a missile defense capability."

The upgraded Prithvi ABM interceptor appears to rank with the U.S. Patriot PAC-3 system, Russia's S-300 and Israel's Arrow in its intended ability to intercept short- and intermediate-range ballistic missiles. However, the Patriot, the S-300 and the Arrow are all deployed, much tested systems. Even after the extremely positive results of Monday's test, the upgraded Prithvi ABM still clearly as a long way to go to achieve that status.

Indeed, the United States has been trying to sell the Patriot to India as part of the increasingly close strategic weapons cooperation between the two nations. However, so far the Indians have balked at that. Also Singh noted what he called "informed speculation over the years ... that India may already have deployed a few batteries of the Russian S-300 system as an interim arrangement."

Given the continuing warm ties between India and Russia, the huge high-tech weapons orders that the current Congress-UPA dominated government and the previous Baharataya Janata Party-led one have both given to Russia and the exceptional enthusiasm for Russian aerospace technology shown for so many years by long-time Indian Defense Minister George Fernandes, that "informed speculation" seems extremely likely.

Singh noted that the Prithvi-I, "first tested in 1988, has a range of 150 km (90 miles) and deploys a conventional or low-yield nuclear warhead for use against troops or armored formations. Its two variants, Prithvi-II and Prithvi-III, with lesser payloads, have an increased range of 250 km (150 miles) and 350 km (210 miles) respectively. While the Prithvi-II was first tested in January 1996, Prithvi-III underwent its first test firing in October 2004. The Indian Army has already inducted Prithvi- I and II into service."

At the end of the day, when all the cautions, caveats and qualifiers have been made, a crucial underlying fact remains: India has now shown its capability to home produce an effective anti-ballistic missile prototype. France, Britain, Germany, China and Japan have not yet developed the capability to make one of these by themselves, though Japan will certainly is on a crash program to do so with extensive U.S. cooperation and China is already lavishly supplied with S-300 systems, and possibly others, bought from Russia.

The strategic balance of the world therefore shifted on Monday. India took a very large step indeed and served notice that it has much to give, as well as to receive, in its strategic weapons and BMD cooperation with the United States.
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Afghanistan/South Asia
Armitage: get bilateral ball rolling again in Kashmir
2004-07-15
US Deputy Secretary of State Richard Armitage said today that ‘‘it is not acceptable’’ that people continue to die of militant killings in Kashmir and that he would ‘‘talk to Pakistan’’ about this. Setting aside their hiccup over the 2003 ‘‘body-search’’ of former Defence Minister George Fernandes, the Indian leadership and Armitage today focussed instead on promoting bilateral relationship as well as discussing issues of global concern, including likely cooperation in third countries like Iraq. Sources said the two sides had also ironed out their problems over the transfer of high technology from the US to India as part of the ‘‘quartet’’ issues, including the sale of possible dual-use components from third countries to India.

US Ambassador to India David Mulford had told journalists here last week that while New Delhi was willing to give assurances that it would not use directly imported high-technology items in its space, nuclear and missile programmes, there still remained issues to be sorted out on imports from third parties. Armitage told reporters today that no more problems existed on this count, that it was a ‘‘win-win situation’’ between India and US. On his first trip to India after the new government was sworn in, Armitage was also apprised of the various ideas that New Delhi was contemplating as part of its effort to participate in Iraq’s reconstruction. Armitage said he made ‘‘no request for troops’’ to the Indian government, but pointed out that ‘‘there are many ways in which India thinks it can be helpful.’’
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Afghanistan/South Asia
BJP defeated in Indian elections
2004-05-14
Indian Prime Minister Atal Behari Vajpayee resigned on Thursday as the ruling National Democratic Alliance (NDA) led by Vajpayee’s Bharatiya Janata Party was voted out of power in India’s general elections in an unexpected electoral verdict, which paved the way for the return of the Congress-led alliance after eight years. After daylong deliberations and a meeting with his cabinet, Prime Minister Vajpayee drove to President’s House and handed in his resignation to President Dr APJ Abdul Kalam. Vajpayee’s resignation ended six years of BJP rule which had such diverse highlights as the Kargil conflict, a virtual war with Pakistan, and peace initiatives in Lahore, Islamabad and Agra.

The results, which sent the NDA tumbling to 183 seats in the Lok Sabha, the lower house of Indian parliament (down from 299 in the last elections) not only surprised the ruling alliance but also the media and pollsters. The BJP got 140 seats, 41 less than last time while the Congress bagged 147, a gain of 33 seats. The Left Front managed its best showing of 57 seats, becoming an important crutch for the Congress to reach the crucial figure of 272 to stake its claim to power. The inclusion of the Left Front in the power structure will signify many changes in India’s economic and foreign policies. Communist Party of India (Marxist) leader M Salim told Daily Times that a common minimum programme (CMP) would be evolved and economic reforms will be given a human face. He said the Front will also force the new government to dump a “pro-America” policy to a mature “pro-India” and non-aligned foreign policy.

Conceding that it had lost the people’s mandate, the NDA said it would sit in the opposition. NDA Convener George Fernandes told reporters that the leader of opposition would be decided by the newly-elected MPs. However, insiders told Daily Times that Mr Vajpayee was reluctant to wear the cap of opposition leader and wanted to leave for a quiet life. They said his party’s leaders spent the whole day on Thursday urging him to continue as their leader. The Congress combine virtually wiped out the ruling NDA in several states, including Tamil Nadu, Haryana, Andhra Pradesh and Himachal Pradesh and made major inroads in the BJP bastion of Gujarat and Delhi. The ultra-Hindu nationalist Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh blamed the BJP’s “dilution” of the Hindutva agenda for its drubbing and said the core ideology should take centre stage for the party to make a comeback.
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Afghanistan/South Asia
Vajpayee Resigns as Indian PM After Election Loss
2004-05-13
EFL - that damn Indian obsession with Ghandi - they even elected an Italian who was married to a Ghandi
Indian Prime Minister Atal Bihari Vajpayee resigned Thursday after his governing coalition lost the parliamentary election, ending his nearly six years in power, local news media reported. Vajpayee’s Bharatiya Janata Party had said he would hand his resignation to President A.P.J. Abdul Kalam at the ornate presidential palace, and his office said he would later address the nation on state-run television. No official announcement was immediately made, but the Press Trust of India news agency and other news media reported that Vajpayee had quit.

When the new Parliament convenes, possibly next week, Vajpayee will remain the leader of the National Democratic Alliance of 11 parties with whom he governed and fought the election, his defense minister, George Fernandes, said. Earlier Thursday, results showed India’s opposition Congress Party captured the most seats in parliamentary elections, a stunning defeat for Vajpayee that was almost certain to return the Nehru-Gandhi dynasty to power. Vajpayee’s ruling party conceded defeat, opening the way for Sonia Gandhi, the Italian-born widow of the former Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi, to become the country’s leader. It was one of the most dramatic political upsets since Indian independence almost 60 years ago. The results reflected the feeling by millions of India’s rural poor that they had been left out of the economic boom promoted by the BJP government.
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