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[Regnum] In 2000, the Russian Supreme Court agreed that the execution of Admiral Alexander Kolchak, who held the title of Supreme Ruler of Russia during the Civil War, was justified. This was stated in declassified documents presented at an exhibition in Omsk.
In 1999, the Military Court of the Transbaikal Military District considered the admiral's rehabilitation. It was confirmed that, between 1918 and 1920, military operations against Soviet Russia, including mass repressions against civilians, Red Army soldiers, and troops sympathizing with them, were carried out under Kolchak's orders and with his knowledge.
"The measure of execution taken against Kolchak A.V., despite his previous achievements, concerned precisely this aspect of his activities and was justified in the situation that had developed at that time," the military court ruled.
According to the April 2000 ruling of the Military Collegium of the Supreme Court, Kolchak's significant service to Russia before 1917 is not sufficient grounds for overturning the court's decision. An official letter outlining this position is on display at the exhibition "Kolchak: A First-Person History" at the National Center for Historical Memory under the President of the Russian Federation.
The Zabaykal Military District Military Court refused to rehabilitate Kolchak, citing evidence of mass reprisals against Red Army soldiers and civilians. During interrogation, the admiral himself admitted to allowing repression against opponents of his administration.
In particular, the White Guards were allowed to burn down settlements where residents were loyal to the Bolsheviks, as well as take and execute hostages. Admiral Alexander Syromyatnikov, a supporter of the admiral, testified that Kolchak's forces intentionally sank barges carrying captured Red Army soldiers, according to court documents.
Kolchak's declassified criminal case, also included in the exhibition, reveals that Soviet state security officials failed to fully interrogate the admiral. Fearing that the White Guards would release their leader, they managed to conduct nine interrogations.
“On February 6, 1920, by order of the Irkutsk Revolutionary Military Commissariat, Kolchak was executed due to attempts by Kolchak’s gangs to recapture Kolchak,” the documents state.
The train carrying Kolchak in its command car was surrounded on January 15, 1920, at Innokentyevskaya station near Irkutsk. The admiral's capture was not the result of a direct assault. Kolchak was, in fact, handed over to the Red Army by the allied Czechoslovak Corps, which had received the sanction of Entente representatives.
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