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Serbia: Parliament offers Srebrenica apology
2010-04-02
[ADN Kronos] (AKI) - After a volatile 13-hour debate, the Serbian parliament voted early on Wednesday to issue an apology for the killing of thousands of Bosnian Muslims in Srebrenica in 1995 in the worst massacre in Europe since World War II.

The landmark motion was approved by a narrow majority and it stated that Serbia should have done more to prevent the tragedy, but stopped short of calling the killings genocide.

"The parliament of Serbia strongly condemns the crime committed against the Bosnian Muslim population of Srebrenica in July 1995," says the text.

The vote took place half an hour after midnight and the pro-European government, headed by president Boris Tadic, managed to get a narrow majority of 127 votes in favor of the resolution in the 250-seat parliament.

"We are taking a civilised step of a politically responsible people, based on political conviction, for the war crime that happened in Srebrenica," said Branko Ruzic of the Socialist Party.

Bosnian Serb forces killed about 8,000 Bosnian Muslim men and boys after taking over the enclave in Srebrenica, which had been under the protection of the United Nations.

Twenty-one deputies of former prime minister Vojislav Kostunica's Democratic Party of Serbia (DSS) voted against the motion, while other opposition deputies walked out in protest before the vote.

Shortly before the vote took place, there was an anonymous call saying that a bomb had been placed in front of the parliament building, but it was a false alarm.

Serbia has for years questioned the nature of the Srebrenica massacre and the vote showed that the country was still deeply divided on the issue.

The motion offered "condolences and an apology to the families of the victims because not everything was done to prevent the tragedy".

The International Court of Justice (ICJ) ruled in 2007 that Bosnian Serb forces had committed genocide in Srebrenica and blamed Serbia, whose former president Slobodan Milosevic supported Serb rebellion in Bosnia, for failing to prevent it.

Though the resolution did not use the word "genocide", it acknowledges the court ruling and condemns the crime.

Cedomir Jovanovic, leader of the most pro-Western leaning Liberal Democratic Party, insisted the word "genocide" be included in the resolution and walked out in protest because his amendment was rejected.

Nada Kolundzija, the head of parliamentary majority, said that the resolution would help reconciliation in the Balkans and "close a tragic chapter in Balkan history".

"Condemning the crime against the Bosniaks of Srebrenica, while paying respect to the innocent victims and offering condolences to their families, will lift the burden off future generations," Kolundzija said.

But nationalist opposition deputies used the televised debate to hurl insults at the governing majority, accusing it of treason.

"History will never forgive you for what you have done today against your own people," said opposition deputy Aleksandar Martinovic.

Most opposition deputies demanded that all crimes, including those against Serbs, should be condemned in one resolution.

Parliamentary speaker Slavica Djukic Dejanovic said the governing majority will start work on a new resolution this week, condemning crimes committed against Serbs in the wars that followed the disintegration of the former Yugoslavia.
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Europe
Serbs Vote in Key Election
2008-05-11
Serbs voted Sunday in elections that will likely decide whether the nation takes another step toward mainstream Europe or reverts to a hard-line stance reminiscent of the late strongman Slobodan Milosevic. The ultranationalist Serbian Radical Party clung to a slim lead heading into the parliamentary vote, closely trailed by President Boris Tadic's pro-Western coalition. Officials said early turnout was strong.

Potential kingmakers included nationalist Prime Minister Vojislav Kostunica's conservative bloc and Mr. Milosevic's Socialists. One -- or both -- were expected to help form a new government with an anti-Western and pro-Russia stance. "People here can't shake the feeling that Europe isn't fair and just toward Serbia," Braca Grubacic, a prominent political analyst, said Saturday. "Serbia is not like it used to be, but the problems and the political agenda are the same as they were during the Milosevic era."

Voters were also casting ballots in Kosovo, where Serb leaders organized parallel local elections in defiance of international authorities. The United Nations branded the local elections illegal, but did not stop people from voting, and NATO peacekeepers stepped up patrols as a precautionary measure. "We hope there will be no incidents," said Momir Kasalovic, an official in the ethnically divided northern Kosovo town of Mitrovica.

Mr. Kostunica and Radical Party leader Tomislav Nikolic capitalized on an acute sense of betrayal after Kosovo declared independence from Serbia in February and gained formal recognition from the U.S., Canada, Japan and key European powers. "I want Kosovo to remain in Serbia -- that's why I voted for Serbian patriots," said Zoran Jovanovic, a 66-year-old retiree. "The European Union and the West want to take Kosovo away from Serbia. That's why there is no place for us in that bloc. Russia is our true friend." The nationalists also have exploited disenchantment with 30% unemployment, rising prices and corruption. "For the people of Serbia, today is the day they will feel a change for the better ... when it will be worth living in Serbia," Mr. Nikolic said after voting Sunday. He said he expected to quickly make an alliance with Mr. Kostunica "which will finally lead to the formation of a good government."

Mr. Tadic, who opposes Kosovo's independence but wants to steer Serbia toward the EU, has received death threats. He has also been publicly denounced as a traitor for signing a pre-entry aid-and-trade pact with the EU -- a deal that Messrs. Kostunica and Nikolic contend amounts to blood money in exchange for giving up Kosovo. Mr. Nikolic, meanwhile, is basking in the belief that his day has come. Over the past five years, the Radicals have steadily gained power and influence in Serbia. In the three most recent elections, they won a majority in the 250-seat parliament but were unable to govern without the support of Mr. Kostunica's bloc. Both Messrs. Kostunica and Nikolic have said Serbia should shelve its proclaimed goal of joining the EU and concentrate instead on establishing close political and economic ties with Russia.

Some Serbs are understandably skittish about the possibility that their country could revert to nationalist or even ultranationalist rule and slide deeper into instability and isolation. "I voted for Europe and against the road that leads us back to the misery of the 1990s," Milica Ostojic, a 22-year-old university student, said Sunday after casting her ballot at a packed polling station in New Belgrade. However, Charles Ingrao, a Balkans expert at Purdue University, insists the world shouldn't fear a reprise of Milosevic-style bloodshed. "The days of Milosevic are gone," he said. "Serbia can no longer project power beyond its own borders like it did in the 1990s. I don't know what we're afraid of. Times have changed."
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Europe
Serbia: Tight election race ends with bitter accusations
2008-05-10
The campaign for Serbia's parliamentary and municipal elections closed on Friday with the main protagonists accusing each other of treason and lies. Around 6.7 million eligible voters will elect 250 members of parliament on Sunday and local assemblies in 170 municipalities.

But according to latest surveys the outcome will be very tight, with nationalist Serbian Radical Party less than two percentage points ahead of president Boris Tadic’s Democratic Party.

A survey published by the Factor Plus agency just before the election blackout imposed on Thursday night, gave the SRS 37.3 per cent, followed by Tadic’s Democrats with 35.9 per cent.

Prime minister Vojislav Kostunica was third with only 11 per cent, but analysts said he will nevertheless hold the key to the new government.

Only two other parties are expected to satisfy the required five per cent threshold, the Socialist Party of Serbia of former president Slobodan Milosevic with 5.4 per cent and the Liberal Democratic Party of Cedomir Jovanovic with 6 per cent.

The main election battle has been fought between Tadic and Kostunica, whose “democratic coalition” collapsed in March over breakaway Kosovo province and European integration, which prompted early elections. Although both Tadic and Kostunica oppose Kosovo 's recent independence, Tadic insists Serbia should proceed with the EU membership bid, while Kostunica wants Kosovo to be recognised as a part of Serbia.

In what is predicted to be a tight finish to a bitter election campaign, observers say anti-Tadic forces are unlikely to get a two-thirds majority, but Kostunica and Nikolic are in a good position to form a new government with the support of the socialists.

Kostunica has carefully avoided declaring himself in favor of any coalition, but analysts said it was almost unthinkable that he would again support Tadic after the accusations and insults exchanged between the two leaders.
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Europe
Serbian cabinet falls, early elections on May 11
2008-03-09
BELGRADE - Nationalist Serbian Prime Minister Vojislav Kostunica said Saturday that his government had shattered on Kosovo policy and announced early elections for May 11. ‘The government no more has a common policy regarding a most important issue and a government which has no common policy cannot function,’ Kostunica told a press conference. ‘It is the end of the government.’

Kostunica earlier said he lost confidence that his coalition partners were ‘honestly’ trying to keep the breakaway province Kosovo Serbian.

The cabinet would meet Monday to dissolve the parliament and agree to hold early elections on May 11, together with municipal polls and elections for authorities in Vojvodina, Serbia’s northern province, Kostunica told reporters.

Serbian government and parliament had been deadlocked since mid- January, when Kostunica clashed with his pro-European partners by insisting that Serbia should not continue negotiating membership of the European Union because of Western support for Kosovo. Ministers from President Boris Tadic’s Democratic Party and the reformist G17 outvoted Kostunica in his own cabinet on Thursday to block a resolution that would have effectively cemented the suspension of Serbia’s EU talks. Unlike Kostunica and his Democrartic Party of Serbia (DSS), DS and G17 want Serbia to continue moveing closer to EU despite Kosovo.

The draft, fielded by the ultra-nationalist opposition Serbian Radical Paerty (SRS), insisted that Serbia could negotiate membership only if EU recognized its sovereignty over Kosovo -an impossibility which would have cemented Serbia’s turn away from EU.

DS and G17 top officials already on Friday said elections were the best way out of the crisis. The May elections would effectively be a referendum on Serbia’s view of its European prospect.

Much of the momentum Tadic gained for the pro-European bloc by closely defeating an ultra-nationalist challenger in his re-election in early February may have been wasted meanwhile.

No popularity surveys have been completed since Kosovo declared independence. The latest polls, from before mid-February, indicated that elections were likely to produce more of the same. The SRS were surging and DS and G17 were also gaining, pollsters said, but neither appeared to be strong enough for a majority, so Kostunica and his Democratic Party of Serbia may again emerge with the keys to the majority despite their receding popularity.
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Europe
Serbs to cut ties with EU after its Kosovo support
2008-03-05
Serbia's parliament is likely to adopt a resolution within days calling for the country to reject all formal ties with the European Union until the bloc withdraws its support for Kosovo's independence. A draft motion, submitted yesterday by the nationalist Radical Party, is backed by allies of Vojislav Kostunica, the prime minister, and by the late Slobodan Milosevic's Socialists. Together, they hold 144 of the parliament's 250 seats.

The resolution condemns the EU's deployment of an "illegal" supervisory mission to Kosovo, which went in after the former Serbian province seceded last month, and calls on the EU to withdraw it. It also asks all EU countries that have recognised Kosovo as independent – Britain, France and Germany among others – to annul their decisions.
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Europe
Serbia: US 'Culprit' in Kosovo Violence
2008-02-24
Serbia's hard-line leaders on Saturday called the U.S. "the main culprit" in the violence that has broken out since Kosovo declared independence.

Several thousand Serbs chanting "Kosovo is Serbia!" and "Russia, Vladimir Putin!" protested peacefully in the ethnically divided town of Kosovska Mitrovica, the sixth day of demonstrations against Kosovo's break with Serbia. Russia backs Serbia's fierce resistance to Kosovo's secession.

On Thursday night, protesters in the Serbian capital Belgrade set fire to the U.S. embassy, angered by Washington's recognition of Kosovo. The U.S. and the European Union responded by demanding Serbia protect foreign embassies.

"The United States is the main culprit ... for all those violent acts," Serbia's Minister for Kosovo Slobodan Samardzic said in Belgrade.

Other Serbian leaders have called for calm after the riots. But an aide to hard-line Serbian Prime Minister Vojislav Kostunica said any future violence also will be blamed on the U.S. "If the United States sticks to its present position that the fake state of Kosovo exists ... all responsibility in the future will be on the United States," Kostunica adviser Branislav Ristivojevic said in a statement.
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Europe
Body found after US Embassy in Belgrade is stormed
2008-02-23
A CHARRED body was found in the US Embassy in Belgrade after protesters smashed their way into the building in anger at Kosovo's independence and set the building on fire.

The British Embassy also came under attack as riots swept the Serbian capital but staff were said to be unharmed. Belgian, Croatian and Turkish missions were also attacked. Both the UK and the US have recognised Kosovo after it declared independence from Serbia earlier this week.

Last night officials in the US said all American personnel at the embassy had been accounted for and there was nothing to suggest the body was an embassy employee. But it was unclear if staff who were not US citizens were accounted for.

William Wanland, a spokesman for the embassy, said the body appeared to have been a protester. About 1,000 protesters attacked the US compound, which was closed at the time, just after 7pm, throwing flares through the window while others scaled walls to rip down the US flag. Masked attackers broke into and tried to throw furniture from an office. They set fire to the office and flames shot up the side of the building. The blaze raged for half an hour, and when firemen finally managed to get inside the building they found a charred body.

It appeared police were not protecting the embassy, but riot police later intervened, firing tear gas. Businesses and restaurants in the city were also attacked and up to 100 people were injured.

The violence followed a peaceful demonstration earlier by at least 150,000 people outside the main parliament building. At the rally the ultra-nationalist leader Tomislav Nikolic accused the US and EU of trying to steal Kosovo: "Hitler could not take it away from us, and neither will today's (Western powers]." Prime Minister Vojislav Kostunica had earlier delivered an impassioned speech condemning the territory's secession. "As long as we live, Kosovo is Serbia. Kosovo belongs to the Serbian people," he told the flag-waving crowd.
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Europe
Serbs riot in Belgrade after Kosovo announcement
2008-02-18
Big-time EFL. Hit the link for photos.
Rioting erupted in the Serbian capital Belgrade last night as 2,000 protesters hurled stones at the U.S. embassy, which was guarded by 500 police.

In Belgrade, Serbian prime minister Vojislav Kostunica branded the southern region "a false state". In a televised address, he said Kosovo was propped up unlawfully by Washington, which was "ready to violate the international order for its own military interests".

In Kosovo itself, hand renades were thrown at EU and United Nations buildings in the flashpoint city of Mitrovica where 60,000 Serbs live - half the Serb population of the world's newest country. Nato-led peacekeepers in Mitrovica put up concrete and wire barriers to close off the bridges dividing the Albanians and Serbs.

"We'll see what happens during the night," said one Serb man. "There will be a lot of armed people here." He pulled a hand grenade from his pocket.
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Europe
Kosovo is key as hardliner wins first leg of Serb poll
2008-01-21
Much inside baseball here.
An extreme nationalist won the first leg of Serbia's presidential election last night, raising the prospect of international isolation and increasing the chances of more Balkan conflict over the looming declaration of independence by Kosovo.

With the Albanian leadership of the breakaway southern province due to declare independence within weeks, the loss of the region that Serbian nationalists view as sacrosanct territory appeared to help Tomislav Nikolic, of the extremist Serbian Radical party, to a four-point victory over the incumbent, the pro-western moderate, President Boris Tadic.

According to exit polls and early results last night in Belgrade, Nikolic took more than 39% of the vote to Tadic's 35% in a crucial ballot that could determine whether Serbia turns east, into Russia's offered embrace, or west, towards European integration.

Neither contender, however, scored an outright victory, requiring an absolute majority of the vote. The other seven candidates were eliminated from the race, leaving Nikolic and Tadic to contest a run-off on February 3. Nikolic, an extreme nationalist who fought as a paramilitary in the Yugoslav wars of the 1990s and served under the late president Slobodan Milosevic, could yet be beaten, since many of the votes last night, on a high turnout of more than 60%, were cast for pro-western democrats. His support, however, is more easily mobilised and he could well secure victory in two weeks. A win for Nikolic and the Radicals, whose party leader, Vojislav Seselj, is currently being tried for war crimes at the tribunal in The Hague, would be viewed as a disaster in western Europe and a severe setback to EU policy in the Balkans.
The EU has a policy for the Balkans?
In an attempt to boost Tadic's chances, Brussels announced last week that it was opening talks on visa-free travel to Europe for Serbs. Several EU countries also want to sign a pre-membership deal with Belgrade before the end of the month in order to help Tadic to a second-round victory. But some EU states are strongly opposed to this, demanding that key Serbian war crimes suspects be arrested and extradited to The Hague as a condition for the EU deal.

David Miliband, the foreign secretary, met his counterparts from France, Germany and Italy at the weekend in Slovenia to work out how and when to recognise Kosovo's independence. The Kosovan prime minister, Hashem Thaci, is due in Brussels this week to coordinate his policies with the EU. Thaci has been leaned on to delay an independence declaration until after the Serbian election. The declaration is expected within six weeks.

Serbia's key ally, Russia's Vladimir Putin, went to the Balkans last Friday to announce that any unilateral declaration of independence would be "illegal and immoral".

The outcome of Serbia's presidential run-off could hinge on how the Serbian prime minister, Vojislav Kostunica, advises his supporters to vote. Kostunica is fiercely nationalistic, engaged in a permanent power struggle with Tadic, and unbending on the Kosovo dispute. Tadic could need the votes of the prime minister's supporters to defeat Nikolic.
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Europe
Serbia sees Russia, China backing more Kosovo talks
2007-12-17
BELGRADE, Dec 16 (Reuters) - Serbia's President expects Russia, China and some other U.N. Security Council members to back further talks on the status of Kosovo, though the West says all avenues of possible compromise have been exhausted. "I expect several initiatives, and one of them is the resumption of talks ... I expect other countries to support that initiative, especially Russia and China," Boris Tadic told a conference of senior Serbian diplomats on Sunday.

With no compromise in sight after months of talks, the West says independence for the 90 percent Albanian majority is the only viable solution. Serbia refuses to cede one inch of its sovereign territory but offers full autonomy for Kosovo. The issue is due for debate in the Security Council on Dec 19, in closed session, after the failure earlier this month of a second major round of internationally-mediated negotiations.

Tadic said Serbia has proved its democratic credentials, flexibility and fairness by offering models of substantial autonomy to Kosovo's 90 percent Albanians majority, but they insist on independence because they have Western support. "As long as I am President of Serbia, I will never accept the independence of Kosovo because I am totally convinced such a solution puts into question the development and the future of the Balkan region," Beta news agency quoted Tadic as saying.

Tadic, who heads a pro-Western party, is running for re-election in a presidential ballot due on Jan. 20. His main challenge will come from the camp of hardline nationalists, which includes the party of Prime Minister Vojislav Kostunica.

Kosovo Albanian leaders say there is no point in talking further with Serbia and are ready to declare independence in the coming weeks, assured of U.S. and European union backing.

Foreign Ninister Vuk Jeremic told the conference that "an imposed solution" for Kosovo -- meaning a unilateral declaration of independence backed by Western powers -- could roll back democratic progress made by Serbia since the late autocrat Slobodan Milosevic was toppled in 2000. "Democratic values which our citizens embraced in the 2000 elections ... would be irrevocably de-legitimised if the independence of Kosovo were imposed," Jeremic said.

He said negotiations on Kosovo were totally undermined by Western statements indicating that the province would gain independence if there was no compromise by Dec. 10. "We must work together to find a way to change the frame of mind in Pristina, which says 'what's mine is mine, what's yours can be the subject of negotiations,'" he said.

But Serbia would take no steps to isolate the country. "The last thing our citizens expect is for us to take a path similar to the deadly one taken by Slobodan Milosevic's regime, the regime which brought our country and the Serbian people nothing but shame," Jeremic said.
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Europe
The Russian option
2007-10-19
Some Serbs dream of a Russian alternative to the European Union

DOTTED across the Serbian north of the divided city of Mitrovica are pictures of its hero: Vladimir Putin. Russia, Kosovo's Serbs believe, has saved them from the independence demanded by its Albanians (Kosovars), who make up 90% of Kosovo's 2m people. It is too early to be sure they are right. But Western diplomats are worried by Serbia's dalliance with Russia.

Marko Jaksic, a member of Serbia's Kosovo negotiating team, helps to run northern Kosovo. He is a deputy leader of the party of Vojislav Kostunica, Serbia's prime minister. If America and many European Union countries recognise a unilateral declaration of independence by Kosovo, he expects Serbia to offer Russia military bases “in Serbia, and especially on the border of Kosovo”. He adds that Serbia should abandon its bid to join the EU, and claims that Mr Kostunica thinks similarly but has less freedom to talk openly.


Such talk is meant to send chills down Western spines. If Serbia gave up trying to join the EU, not only would it return to the isolation of the 1990s but it could also drag the whole region down with it. How serious is the risk? Mr Kostunica's party is aligned with Mr Putin's United Russia party, and its official position is that Serbia should be neutral. Mr Kostunica has disparaged a potentially independent Kosovo as nothing but a “NATO state”.

A source close to President Boris Tadic, whose party is in uneasy coalition with Mr Kostunica, concedes that, if Kosovo's independence is recognised, it will be hard to instil “European values” in Serbia. Even Serbs who would secretly like to be shot of their troublesome southern province fear that full independence would be disastrous. They predict that Mr Kostunica would, if not formally end the country's bid for EU membership, at least slow it down, as well as trying to punish countries that recognise Kosovo and companies that trade there and in Serbia.

Yet the Russian alternative does not look appetising. The prospect of Russian bases in Serbia is “very unlikely”, says Ivan Vejvoda, who heads the Balkan Trust for Democracy, a big regional donor to good causes. Serbia is surrounded by the EU and NATO. “The Russian thing is a temporary, opportunistic thing, a balloon which will burst once we are over Kosovo,” he says. There is much excitement in Serbia about Russian companies moving in. On the list for privatisations that may interest them are JAT Serbian airlines, Belgrade airport, a mine in Bor and NIS, Serbia's oil company. Alexei Miller, head of Russia's energy giant, Gazprom, met Serbian leaders to discuss potential pipelines on October 9th. But so far Russian companies (except for Lukoil) have been notable by their absence. Russia is only the 18th-biggest investor in Serbia; the country's largest single exporter is owned by US Steel. The EU has poured lots of money into rebuilding Serbia. If Serbia kept on track, a lot more cash could come—and Russia offers little.

On October 15th Montenegro signed a “stabilisation and association agreement” with the EU, normally a step towards membership. Serbia could soon do the same. But a negative report to the EU from Carla Del Ponte, chief prosecutor at The Hague war-crimes tribunal, means that it must first be seen to do more to catch the fugitive Ratko Mladic. Ms Del Ponte will visit Serbia soon to check progress (the government has posted a reward for the missing general, 12 years after he was indicted). This suggests that the Russian option is, as one diplomat puts it, “loose talk”—for now. If many EU countries recognise an independent Kosovo next year, it will be their turn to call Serbia's bluff.
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Europe
Serbia warns of violence if US 'snatches' Kosovo
2007-09-23
Serbian Prime Minister Vojislav Kostunica warned the United States and Kosovo Albanians on Saturday that they would be responsible for devastating violence if they “snatch” Kosovo and declare it independent. Serbia is offering wide autonomy for Kosovo. The Albanians, who have been under UN rule for eight years, want full independence. They are to hold direct talks in New York next week, and have until Dec. 10 before a report must go to the UN. Kostunica said he believed a solution could still be found to settle the status of Kosovo on the basis of the United Nations Charter, which upholds Serbian sovereignty over the 90-percent Albanian majority. But “the Albanians, supported especially by their American partners” were simply waiting for the clock to run out on the 120-day period set for last-ditch negotiations before declaring an impasse and doing what they have planned to do all along. Responding to a question on whether Serbia would send in troops if Kosovo declared independence, he said: “Our attention right now is focused on making sure there is no unilateral declaration of independence. And if it happens, to make sure that our ties with our people in the province remain unbroken.”
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