The Scottish National Party (SNP) leader was the headline speaker at the event in George Square, the first time she has addressed an independence rally since the 2014 referendum campaign, with a crucial general election looming next month.
"Make no mistake, the general election we face now on December 12 is the most important election for Scotland in our lifetimes," she told the crowds.
"The future of our country is on the line.
"We must come out in our numbers and vote in this election," she added, insisting that the "prize" of independence was "within touching distance."
"We must seize that prize," she urged.