The Peshawar High Court will hear Shakil Afridi's case on Wednesday, the first time it will be heard in an open court in Pakistan.
He was never formally charged for his role in the 2011 operation to hunt down and kill the world's most-wanted man.
Dr Afridi has always argued that he was denied a fair trial.
His imprisonment caused outrage and saw the US cut federal aid to Pakistan by $33m (£27m) - $1m for every year of his jail sentence.
US President Donald Trump promised in his 2016 election campaign that he would get Dr Afridi released in "two minutes" if elected - but that never happened.